Web of Humanities: Journal of Social Science and Humanitarian Research
Web of Humanities: Journal of Social Science and Humanitarian Research is an open access peer reviewed international journal. It covers all areas of the social sciences, economics, and humanities. We adhere to the scientific standards by following a rigorous peer-review process. Any submission reporting scientifically accurate and valuable research will be considered for publication. We welcome empirical studies, theoretical articles, case studies, methodological articles and literature reviews. Our scope is inclusive: we encourage multi- and inter-disciplinary work as well as new and experimental forms of research, replication studies and negative findings. All submissions will be evaluated based on their scientific and methodological validity and robustness of research. As an open access journal, all articles will be immediately and permanently available for authors and readers to read, download, cite and share. The journal aims to be a meeting point for researchers at every stage of their career. One of our guiding principles is to make the publishing process accessible to everyone doing sound science, including first-time authors, early career researchers, and those from underrepresented groups and geographical areas The journal publishes papers devoted to quantitative social science research and methodology. The journal features articles that illustrate the use of quantitative methods to empirically test social science theory. The journal emphasizes research concerned with issues or methods that cut across traditional disciplinary lines. Special attention is given to methods that have been used by only one particular social science discipline, but that may have application to a broader range of areas with an ultimate goal of testing social science theory. The journal also covers the physical education, sports and sports science related articles. Publication Frequency: 12 Issues Per Year (Monthly) ISSN (E): 2938-3803 IFSIJ JIF: 7.775 Journal Abbreviation: Web humanit.
DIGITAL GENERATION AND TOURISM: TRANSFORMING EDUCATION AND THE LABOR MARKET FOR GENERATION Z IN UZBEKISTAN
The article examines the role of Generation Z in Uzbekistan’s tourism and cultural heritage sector. It analyzes Gen Z’s characteristics as digital natives who prioritize authenticity, flexibility, work-life balance, and visual content. The author highlights the gap between traditional education and Gen Z’s needs, proposing practical reforms including digital technologies (VR/AR), dual education, storytelling, and digital marketing skills. The paper stresses that human creativity and emotional intelligence remain irreplaceable in tourism.
Generation Z, tourism education, Uzbekistan, cultural heritage, educational reform, digital natives, work-life balance, digital marketing.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF STUDYING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TERMINOLOGY
The article examines the theoretical aspects of studying information and communication terminology in the context of the digitalization of modern society. The influence of information and communication technologies on the development of the lexical system of language and the formation of specialized ICT terminology is analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the problems of defining the term, its grammatical nature, and the main approaches to the study of terminological units in modern linguistics. The study investigates the most productive word-formation methods of information and communication vocabulary, including borrowing, abbreviation, clipping, and univerbation. The paper also discusses the peculiarities of the functioning of professionalisms and colloquial elements in digital communication.
Information and communication terminology, term, terminology, ICT, digitalization, professionalisms, word formation, computational linguistics, borrowings, digital communication.
GENDER SPECIFICITY OF THE FORMATION OF YOUTH LIFE POSITIONS IN THE GLOBAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT
The rapid development of the global information environment has significantly transformed the worldview, social behavior, values, and life positions of young people. In the modern digital era, information technologies, social networks, virtual communication, and global media platforms have become the main factors influencing youth consciousness and socialization. At the same time, the impact of the information environment on young people differs according to gender characteristics, social roles, cultural norms, and opportunities for participation in digital space. This article analyzes the gender-specific aspects of the formation of youth life positions in the global information environment from a sociological perspective. The research examines the influence of digital media, online communication, information consumption, cyber risks, gender stereotypes, and digital inequality on young men and women. The article also explores international experiences and the socio-cultural conditions of Uzbekistan in shaping youth life positions under globalization. The study is based on sociological theories, comparative analysis, gender approaches, and contemporary empirical data. The findings demonstrate that the information environment simultaneously creates new opportunities for self-realization and new risks related to identity, values, and social adaptation. The article emphasizes the necessity of inclusive gender-sensitive approaches in developing youth policy and media literacy.
Global information environment, youth, gender specificity, life position, digital socialization, media influence, gender stereotypes, digital inequality, social networks, youth policy.
HISTORICAL-PHILOSOPHICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL - VALEOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF HUMAN HEAITH PROTECTION
This article examines the historical heritage of healthy lifestyle formation and the principles of modern pedagogical valeology. The study analyzes the ancient philosophy of the East and West, Islamic culture, and the contemporary experiences of countries such as Japan and China in promoting public health. It scientifically substantiates the role of pedagogical valeology in developing health preservation skills from childhood, the significance of physical activity in reducing mortality risks, and its place within the social policy of the state.
Healthy lifestyle, pedagogical valeology, physical education, Japanese experience, social health, bioethics, prevention, human capital, valeological education
CYBERFRAUD AND CYBERSECURITY: MODERN THREATS, LEGAL BASIS AND GLOBAL APPROACHES
In this article modern information and communication technologies development under the circumstances cyber fraud of crimes legal nature , criminological features and their social danger level analysis Also , cyberspace and on the internet happened being done crimes , their economic and legal consequences and there is protection systems efficiency studied. In the study national and international legislation norms , scientific views and cyber fraud against to fight modern approaches analysis in the field there is problems eliminate to grow according to scientific based offers working released.
Cyber fraud, cybercrime, cybersecurity, cyberspace, information and communication technologies, internet, information security, digital economy, crime law, transnational crime, electronic payment systems, legal order international cooperation, information systems, criminological analysis.
EFFECTIVE USAGE OF STRATEGIC ANALYSIS AS A KEY DRIVER OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF BANKING SECTOR
This research evaluates the strategic governance and financial trajectory of joint-stock companies in Uzbekistan, focusing on "Trastbank" PJSB as a primary case study from 2015 to 2024. The study examines how the integration of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and independent oversight has facilitated a transition toward a capital-fortress model, characterized by reduced leverage and enhanced solvency. Through a longitudinal analysis, the findings demonstrate that institutional autonomy and transparency have been the fundamental catalysts for sustaining high ROE/ROA profitability levels despite the inherent volatility of an emerging market. Ultimately, the paper concludes that Trastbank’s governance framework serves as a critical benchmark for the modernization of financial entities, proving that shareholder-focused management is essential for long-term institutional resilience.
Joint-stock company, Trastbank, Corporate Governance, Financial Resilience, Uzbekistan Banking Sector, Debt-to-Equity Ratio, Strategic Analysis, Capital Structure.
MODELS OF WELL-WISHING AS A REFLECTION OF CULTURAL VALUES IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE (BASED ON INFORMAL WEDDING CONGRATULATIONS)
The article examines the genre of congratulations in English as a specific type of speech act characterized by stable structural, semantic, and pragmatic features. Based on corpus analysis (COCA, BNC) and discourse analysis, typical lexico-grammatical patterns, communicative strategies, and cultural features of English-language congratulations are identified. It is demonstrated that this genre reflects key values of English-speaking culture – individualism, positivity, and ritualization – while performing an important function in maintaining social ties and interpersonal interaction.
Congratulation, well-wishing, speech genre, speech act, cultural values, individualism, collectivism, politeness, pragmatics, wedding congratulations, social distance, gender, age.
THE FUTURE OF LEADERSHIP: WILL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE REPLACE HUMAN MANAGERS OR SUPPORT THEIR MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES?
This scientific article provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on contemporary management practice. The study is grounded in global statistical data, corporate reports, and surveys conducted across 12 countries spanning the period 2023 to 2025. The article examines the opportunities and limitations of AI technologies in management, models of collaboration with human managers, and anticipated transformations in the near future. The findings demonstrate that AI is not capable of fully replacing human managers; rather, through the formation of a hybrid management model, it can substantially enhance managerial effectiveness. These conclusions carry practical significance for organizational leaders, human resource professionals, and policymakers.
Artificial intelligence, leadership, management, hybrid model, digital transformation, human-machine collaboration, organizational effectiveness, future labor market.
THE MANIFESTATION OF LEGAL AWARENESS IN THE SPIRITUAL FOUNDATIONS OF CIVIL SOCIETY
This article is devoted to the study of the issue of the manifestation of legal awareness in the spiritual renewal of society. This article provides a comparative analysis of the issue of Eastern and Western democracy and studies the fact that Eastern democracy is an expression of the development of legal awareness. The role of legal awareness in the spiritual renewal and spiritual elevation of the renewing Uzbek society, the specific features of its manifestation are shown.
Civil society, law, legal awareness, legal culture, spirituality, spiritual foundations.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PEER FEEDBACK VS TEACHER FEEDBACK ON PRONUNCIATION DEVELOPMENT
This study explores the goods of an automated corrective feedback- grounded peer assessment approach on learners’ pronunciation development, provocation, and tone- regulated literacy in a foreign language environment. predicated in constructivist and pupil- centred perspectives, aquasi-experimental design was conducted with undergraduate scholars learning French, who were assigned to experimental and control groups. While the experimental group engaged in AI- supported feedback integrated with structured peer assessment conditioning, the control group entered conventional schoolteacher- led feedback. Data were collected through pre- and post-tests, questionnaires, and interviews to capture both performance issues and learner comprehensions. The findings suggest that the integration of automated feedback with peer assessment contributes to conspicuous advancements in pronunciation performance and supports the development of natural provocation and tone-nonsupervisory chops. Although foreign provocation remained largely innocent, scholars in the experimental group displayed advanced situations of engagement, autonomy, and reflective literacy practices. Qualitative results farther indicate that learners appreciated the proximity, clarity, and substantiated nature of feedback, as well as the occasion to laboriously share in cooperative evaluation processes.
Constructive assessment, provocation, tone-regulated literacy, metacognitive mindfulness, self-regulated learning.
INFORMATION SOCIETY AND THE CRISIS OF TRADITIONAL VALUES: A SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS
The emergence of the information society has significantly transformed social structures, communication patterns, and value systems. While digital technologies have increased access to knowledge and global connectivity, they have also contributed to the erosion and reconfiguration of traditional moral and cultural values. This article examines the socio-philosophical dimensions of the crisis of traditional values in the context of the information society. Using a qualitative conceptual analysis based on secondary literature, the study explores how digitalization, media saturation, and algorithmic governance influence moral relativism, identity fragmentation, and cultural hybridization. The findings suggest that the crisis of values is not a complete disappearance of traditional norms but rather a transformation into pluralistic and contested value systems. The article concludes that ethical digital governance and value-oriented education are necessary to stabilize moral frameworks in the information age.
DID ABU HANIFA (RAHIMAHULLAH) ENGAGE IN THE SCIENCE OF HADITH?!
This article analyzes the scholarly legacy of Imam Abu Hanifa (r.h.) in the field of Hadith studies based on classical sources. It highlights the position of hadiths narrated from Abu Hanifa (r.h.) within hadith collections and examines the significance of the works Musnad and Athar in the development of Hadith studies. The findings of the study demonstrate that Imam Abu Hanifa was not only a great jurist but also a recognized scholar in the science of Hadith.
Abu Hanifa (r.h.), Musnad, Athar, Sahih, hadith, Hadith studies, fiqh, narration, qiyas, hadith collections.
MODERN APPROACHES TO HYPERTENSION TREATMENT
Hypertension remains a leading global health concern and a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the pathophysiological mechanisms, epidemiological trends, and current management strategies of hypertension based on recent scientific evidence. The analysis highlights the role of vascular dysfunction, neurohormonal activation, and structural remodeling in the progression of elevated blood pressure and target organ damage. Both non-pharmacological interventions, including dietary modification, physical activity, and lifestyle optimization, and pharmacological therapies are critically assessed. The effectiveness of combination drug therapy and individualized treatment strategies is emphasized in improving clinical outcomes. Additionally, emerging therapeutic approaches, such as mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, aldosterone synthase inhibitors, and immunization-based strategies, are discussed. Persistent challenges, including resistant hypertension and treatment adherence, are also addressed. The findings underscore the importance of early diagnosis, continuous monitoring, and integrated, patient-centered care to reduce complications and improve long-term prognosis.
MARKET EQUILIBRIUM IN MICROECONOMICS AND FACTORS AFFECTING ITS CHANGE
This paper analyzes the key and modern factors influencing market equilibrium and its changes in microeconomics. The processes of equilibrium formation and disruption are examined based on the demand and supply model. The impact of factors such as household income, consumer preferences, prices of substitute and complementary goods, government policies, taxes, subsidies, and price controls is discussed. In addition, modern factors such as global supply chains, inflation, digital platforms, and information asymmetry are also analyzed. The results show that market equilibrium is a constantly changing process.
Microeconomics, market equilibrium, demand, supply, price, inflation, subsidy, tax, digital economy, information asymmetry
DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY
Personal development is no longer measured by the physical accumulation of information, but by the ability to extract necessary, reliable, and useful information from it. In an information-saturated environment, people are under dual pressure: on the one hand, opportunities for acquiring knowledge are expanding, while on the other, manipulative technologies and fake news limit a person's right to make independent decisions. Therefore, media literacy is becoming a prerequisite for personal development. It requires critical thinking and a critical approach to perceiving each piece of information.
Information society, personal development, media literacy, critical thinking, information culture, hygiene of values, manipulation.
TOURIST-RECREATIONAL ZONES - MANAGEMENT MECHANISM OF THE FORM, AND THE NEW YEAR ABROAD EXPERIENCE
This article in the tourist-recreational zo'nalarni management mechanisms of international experience, in particular, developed countries have implemented public-private partnership models, tax benefits and the organizational-legal basis of the analysis is. The article within the framework of the usa, France, Turkey and Spain, like countries in the area of successful strategies bodice out of, of them Uzbekistan conditions of use
Tourist-recreational zones, management mechanism, foreign experience, the cluster approach, investment, recreational resources, public-private partnership.
ASSESSMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS USING VASCULAR DOPPLER ULTRASOUND
This article analyzes the characteristics of atherosclerosis development in patients with osteoarthritis and the possibilities for its early detection using vascular Doppler ultrasound. According to contemporary scientific data, osteoarthritis is no longer considered solely a degenerative joint disease but is increasingly recognized as a systemic pathology associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. These inflammatory processes contribute to the development of atherosclerosis through endothelial dysfunction, disturbances in lipid metabolism, and metabolic alterations. The study examines the pathogenetic relationship between osteoarthritis and atherosclerosis, as well as key cardiovascular risk factors. The diagnostic value of vascular Doppler ultrasound in detecting subclinical atherosclerosis is highlighted, including its principal indicators such as intima–media thickness, atherosclerotic plaques, and hemodynamic changes. Analysis of current studies indicates that increased intima–media thickness, vascular structural alterations, and impaired blood flow are frequently observed in patients with osteoarthritis. Additionally, age, inflammation, dyslipidemia, and physical inactivity are identified as significant contributors to cardiovascular risk formation. The noninvasive, safe, and highly informative nature of Doppler ultrasonography supports its widespread application in clinical practice. The use of pie charts in the article allows for a clear visualization of the relative contribution of various factors. In conclusion, early detection and prevention of atherosclerosis in patients with osteoarthritis play a crucial role in reducing cardiovascular complications.
Osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, Doppler ultrasonography, intima–media thickness, subclinical atherosclerosis, cardiovascular risk, inflammation, dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, physical inactivity.
THE GENERATIVE CAPACITIES OF LANGUAGE IN FORMING NEW STRUCTURES
This study examines the generative capacities of language in shaping thought, creating new ideas, and expressing knowledge. It focuses on four core mechanisms – combinatoriality, transformation, analogy, and semantic extension—that underpin linguistic creativity and adaptability. Combinatoriality enables the formation of new meanings through the structured combination of phonemes, morphemes, words, and syntactic constructions, demonstrating language’s internal order and potential for infinite expression. Transformation allows for the reconfiguration of syntactic structures to convey identical meanings in diverse forms, enhancing expressive flexibility across stylistic and pragmatic contexts. Analogy facilitates the creation of new linguistic units based on existing models, reflecting both cognitive strategies in language acquisition and systemic renewal in lexicon development. Semantic extension expands the meanings of existing words across contexts, providing efficiency and adaptability in communication. Together, these mechanisms reveal language as a dynamic, open system capable of aligning with human cognitive and communicative needs. The study highlights how these generative processes collectively support thought formation, idea generation, and systematic knowledge expression, emphasizing the central role of language in cognitive and social functions.
Language generativity, combinatoriality, transformational potential, analogy in language, semantic extension, thought formation, knowledge expression, cognitive linguistics.
PERCEPTION OF RUSSIAN PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS BY BILINGUAL STUDENTS: COMPARATIVE AND EXPERIMENTAL ASPECTS
This article addresses the perception and comprehension of Russian phraseology within the contexts of artificial and natural bilingualism in Uzbekistan. We conducted a comparative analysis of the phraseological corpus, identifying types of interlinguistic equivalence and determining the proportion of non-equivalent units within Uzbekistani school curricula (textbooks for grades 4–6). The article presents the results of an experimental study that identified typical errors in idiom interpretation, such as literal decoding and a lack of background knowledge. Particular attention is paid to the "cultural component" as a primary factor determining language acquisition difficulties. The study demonstrates a direct correlation between the intensity of the linguistic environment and the depth of understanding regarding the figurative structure of speech.
Non-equivalent phraseology, Russian-Uzbek bilingualism, interlinguistic equivalence, cultural component, linguoculturology, interference, linguistic environment, idiom.
DEVELOPING PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE AS A SUBCOMPONENT OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING
In contemporary foreign language pedagogy, communicative competence is regarded as the ultimate goal of instruction. Among its subcomponents, pragmatic competence plays a central role in enabling learners to use language appropriately in diverse social and cultural contexts. Despite its importance, pragmatic competence often remains underdeveloped in foreign language classrooms, where grammatical accuracy is frequently prioritized over contextual appropriateness. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of pragmatic competence as a subcomponent of communicative competence, explores its internal structure, identifies challenges in its development, and proposes pedagogical strategies for its effective integration into language teaching. The study argues that explicit instruction, authentic input, and intercultural awareness are essential for fostering pragmatic competence in learners.
Pragmatic competence, communicative competence, foreign language teaching, speech acts, intercultural communication, pragmatics, language pedagogy.
HISTORICAL DYNAMICS OF CRIME AMONG WOMEN IN UZBEKISTAN AND ITS SOCIAL FACTORS
This study examines the historical dynamics of crimes and offenses committed by women in Uzbekistan. The research draws on archival materials, statistical data, and academic literature to explore changes in female criminal activity during the years of independence. Particular attention is given to the socio-economic factors influencing women’s involvement in crime and the role of state policy in preventing such offenses. The findings suggest that the proportion of crimes committed by women has gradually decreased in recent years.
Women, crime dynamics, offenses, social factors, state policy, Uzbekistan.
FUNCTIONAL AND SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ANTHROPONYMS USED IN SAID AHMAD’S SHORT STORY “QOPLON”
This article analyzes and studies the linguistic and linguopoetic properties of anthroponyms in Said Ahmad's story “Qoplon”, the author's individual skill in choosing names for the heroes of the work. The above story of the writer is taken as the research material, and the functional-semantic aspects of anthroponyms in this story are studied. The results of the research serve to enrich research in the field of literary text linguistics and onomastics.
Anthroponym, onomastics, linguistic analysis, literary text, linguopoetics
CHARACTERISTICS OF PRACTICAL ACTIVITY IN ECOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIP TO NATURE
This article studies the specific features of practical activities in the ecological attitude of a person to nature. The article highlights the ecological attitude of people to nature, and therefore, together with it, ecological education, ecological behavior - manifestations of behavior towards nature and the environment. Ecological attitude is formed not only through practical actions, but also through the perception of nature as a value. The social significance, educational and cultural role, adaptability to local conditions, the need for continuity and result-orientedness of the ecological attitude to nature are highlighted with examples.
Ecological attitude, practical activities, ecoculture, ecological education, ecological behavior, ecological consciousness, nature, environment, social significance, nature conservation, ecological activity, environmental protection, improvement of the living environment, ecological knowledge, saving natural resources.
ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION IN UZBEKISTAN: HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT, SCIENTIFIC-CULTURAL HERITAGE AND MODERN SIGNIFICANCE
Islamic civilization is one of the most important cultural and scientific systems in world history. Central Asia, particularly the territory of Uzbekistan, was one of the major centers of Islamic culture and science in the Middle Ages. Great scholars who emerged from this region contributed not only to religious sciences but also to the development of mathematics, medicine, astronomy, geography, and philosophy. This article analyzes the formation of Islamic civilization in Uzbekistan, its historical stages of development, scientific centers, the heritage of scholars, and its significance in the modern era.
INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONS IN MODERN UZBEK FAMILIES
The essence of national and universal values, as well as their influence on strengthening the family institution and intergenerational relations, is axiomatic. Humanity has entered such a stage of historical development that no nation, people, or state can progress without engaging in broad integration with others, contributing to global development, participating in solving global problems, and benefiting from universal norms, achievements, and values.
EFFECTIVENESS OF DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ PRACTICAL COMPETENCIES IN CLINICAL DISCIPLINES BASED ON INTERACTIVE TEACHING METHODS
This article presents a study devoted to investigating the implementation of the role-playing method in teaching clinical disciplines among second-year students of the Faculty of General Medicine at Tashkent State Medical University, as well as its significance in the development of students’ practical skills. In the study, groups 218-A and 218-B (30 students) were selected as the experimental group, while groups 219-A and 219-B (30 students) served as the control group. According to the results of the initial survey, the level of utilization of the role-playing method in teaching clinical disciplines was found to be very low. During a two-week intervention, doctor–patient scenarios were enacted in the experimental group using the role-playing method. The findings demonstrated that the role-playing method plays a significant role in developing students’ communication skills with patients, enhancing their ability to make independent decisions in clinical situations, and improving the application of theoretical knowledge in practice. Moreover, this method contributes to the formation of empathy, effective patient-centered communication, and appropriate approaches in complex clinical scenarios. Role-playing activities also positively influence student engagement by making lessons more dynamic and interactive, strengthening collaborative relationships within groups, and increasing professional motivation. The results of the study substantiate that the use of role-playing methods in teaching clinical disciplines is highly effective in developing students’ practical competencies and highlight the relevance of integrating interactive methods into medical education.
Interactive methods, role-playing, clinical disciplines, practical skills, communication skills, clinical reasoning, medical education, professional motivation.
“HIBAT UL-HAQOYIQ”: TEXT AND TRANSLATION
The article discusses the hadiths used in Ahmad Yugnaki’s epic poem “Hibat ul-haqoyiq”, the ways and methods of incorporating hadiths into the text, the text and its translation. The ideas are based on poetic fragments taken from the poet’s epic poem “Hibat ul-haqoyiq”.
PROTECTING THE RIGHTS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
This article is devoted to the issue of protecting the rights of persons with disabilities, which analyzes the legal status, fundamental rights and freedoms of this category of persons, as well as mechanisms for ensuring them. The article examines the international legal framework for the rights of persons with disabilities, in particular, UN documents and national legislative norms. It also covers the principles of equality and non-discrimination, guarantees in the fields of social protection, education, labor and medical care. Methods of preventing violations of rights, judicial and administrative protection, as well as practical problems are also analyzed. The results of the study substantiate the role of persons with disabilities in society and the need to effectively ensure their rights.
Persons with disabilities, human rights, legal protection, principle of equality, non-discrimination, social protection, inclusive education, labor law, rehabilitation, state guarantees, judicial protection, administrative protection, social integration, international law, national legislation.
LINGUISTIC MEANS OF ARGUMENTATION AND EVIDENCE PRESENTATION IN COURTROOM DISCOURSE
Courtroom discourse is a form of institutional communication that reflects the complex relationship between language and law. The process of reasoning and proving in court proceedings is carried out not only through legal norms, but also through linguistic and pragmatic means. This article analyzes the linguistic means used in the process of presenting evidence, constructing arguments, and proving them in court discourse. Within the framework of the study, speech acts, question constructions, evidential units, presuppositions, and pragmatic strategies are considered as important components of argumentation mechanisms in court proceedings. The results of the analysis show that language plays an important role in courtroom discourse not only as a means of transmitting information, but also as an instrument of persuasion and evidence.
courtroom discourse, legal argumentation, evidence presentation, evidential markers, speech acts, questioning strategies, forensic linguistics, legal communication, linguistic analysis, witness testimony, legal pragmatics, judicial discourse
THE INTERRELATION OF LOGIC AND ETHICS IN WITTGENSTEIN’S PHILOSOPHY: FROM LANGUAGE STRUCTURES TO EVERYDAY LIFE
This article presents a theoretical analysis of the relationship between ethical and logical thinking in the philosophical legacy of Ludwig Wittgenstein. The study comparatively examines Wittgenstein’s early work, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, and his later work, Philosophical Investigations, in order to reveal the internal connection between his system of logical reasoning and his reflections on ethical issues. The article also explores how ethical values manifest within the limits of human language and logical thought, as well as the influence of these ideas on twentieth-century philosophical discourse. According to Wittgenstein, ethical meaning cannot be expressed directly but appears indirectly through the logical structure of language, playing an important role in understanding the spiritual dimension of human life. Furthermore, the study analyzes the significance of this perspective in the history of philosophy and examines its relevance for contemporary ethical theory and logical methodology.
Wittgenstein, ethics, logic, reasoning, philosophy, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, Philosophical Investigations, values, ethical-logical coherence, contemporary philosophy