ESTABLISHING INTENSIVE PEAR ORCHARDS USING VEGETATIVELY PROPAGATED PEAR SAPLINGS IN THE ARAL SEA REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN

Abstract

This article examines the scientific and practical foundations for establishing intensive pear orchards using vegetatively propagated pear saplings under the soil and climatic conditions of the Aral Sea region of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. The effects of high temperatures, low precipitation, irrigation water scarcity, and soil salinity on the growth, development, and productivity of pear trees are analyzed. Recommendations are provided for selecting pear cultivars and rootstocks adapted to local conditions, determining planting schemes, implementing drip irrigation, and improving plant nutrition management. Particular attention is given to improving soil reclamation conditions, ensuring the quality of planting material, and implementing appropriate agronomic practices in a timely manner. These measures are considered essential for increasing the sustainability and productivity of intensive pear orchards in the region.