THE IMPORTANCE AND BENEFITS OF BREASTFEEDING FOR INFANTS

Axunbekova Odina Mahmudjanovna

Authors

Axunbekova Odina Mahmudjanovna Head of the Neonatal Diseases Department, Fergana Regional Multidisciplinary Medical Center

Keywords:

Breastfeeding, human milk composition, infant mortality, immunological protection, gastrointestinal infections, respiratory tract infections, allergic diseases, cognitive development, neurodevelopment, maternal-infant bonding, lactation support, exclusive breastfeeding, infant nutrition, sudden infant death syndrome, healthcare policy.

Abstract

This review summarizes evidence on the health and developmental benefits of breastfeeding. A systematic analysis of 147 studies (2014–2024) from major databases shows that exclusive breastfeeding for six months reduces infant mortality by 13%, lowers the risk of sudden infant death syndrome by 36%, and significantly decreases gastrointestinal and respiratory infections as well as allergic diseases. Breastfed children also demonstrate better cognitive development, with an average IQ increase of 3.2 points. These findings confirm breastfeeding as the gold standard for infant nutrition, providing optimal growth, strong immunity, and long-term neurodevelopmental advantages. Strengthening global lactation support programs is essential to improving population health.